1 00:01:07,610 --> 00:01:10,480 the thunder of powerful engines echoing 2 00:01:10,480 --> 00:01:10,490 the thunder of powerful engines echoing 3 00:01:10,490 --> 00:01:14,320 the thunder of powerful engines echoing in the desert air a plume of steam 4 00:01:14,320 --> 00:01:14,330 in the desert air a plume of steam 5 00:01:14,330 --> 00:01:18,700 in the desert air a plume of steam billowing towards the sky sparks flying 6 00:01:18,700 --> 00:01:18,710 billowing towards the sky sparks flying 7 00:01:18,710 --> 00:01:24,640 billowing towards the sky sparks flying from electrical wires the blast from a 8 00:01:24,640 --> 00:01:24,650 from electrical wires the blast from a 9 00:01:24,650 --> 00:01:29,620 from electrical wires the blast from a controlled explosion these sights and 10 00:01:29,620 --> 00:01:29,630 controlled explosion these sights and 11 00:01:29,630 --> 00:01:31,420 controlled explosion these sights and sounds belong to one of the world's 12 00:01:31,420 --> 00:01:31,430 sounds belong to one of the world's 13 00:01:31,430 --> 00:01:33,580 sounds belong to one of the world's finest state-of-the-art facilities for 14 00:01:33,580 --> 00:01:33,590 finest state-of-the-art facilities for 15 00:01:33,590 --> 00:01:37,480 finest state-of-the-art facilities for propulsion and materials testing in the 16 00:01:37,480 --> 00:01:37,490 propulsion and materials testing in the 17 00:01:37,490 --> 00:01:39,100 propulsion and materials testing in the desert northeast of Las Cruces New 18 00:01:39,100 --> 00:01:39,110 desert northeast of Las Cruces New 19 00:01:39,110 --> 00:01:39,969 desert northeast of Las Cruces New Mexico 20 00:01:39,969 --> 00:01:39,979 Mexico 21 00:01:39,979 --> 00:01:42,760 Mexico NASA's white sands test facility stands 22 00:01:42,760 --> 00:01:42,770 NASA's white sands test facility stands 23 00:01:42,770 --> 00:01:44,680 NASA's white sands test facility stands ready to challenge the safety and 24 00:01:44,680 --> 00:01:44,690 ready to challenge the safety and 25 00:01:44,690 --> 00:01:46,780 ready to challenge the safety and reliability of items slated for 26 00:01:46,780 --> 00:01:46,790 reliability of items slated for 27 00:01:46,790 --> 00:02:03,370 reliability of items slated for spaceflight 28 00:02:03,370 --> 00:02:03,380 29 00:02:03,380 --> 00:02:06,770 the goal at White Sands is to minimize 30 00:02:06,770 --> 00:02:06,780 the goal at White Sands is to minimize 31 00:02:06,780 --> 00:02:12,229 the goal at White Sands is to minimize flight risks safety no matter what is 32 00:02:12,229 --> 00:02:12,239 flight risks safety no matter what is 33 00:02:12,239 --> 00:02:17,240 flight risks safety no matter what is the first concern from rocket engines to 34 00:02:17,240 --> 00:02:17,250 the first concern from rocket engines to 35 00:02:17,250 --> 00:02:21,740 the first concern from rocket engines to film for a camera everything flown on a 36 00:02:21,740 --> 00:02:21,750 film for a camera everything flown on a 37 00:02:21,750 --> 00:02:29,090 film for a camera everything flown on a manned spacecraft has to be tested 38 00:02:29,090 --> 00:02:29,100 39 00:02:29,100 --> 00:02:30,960 carefully controlled test parameters 40 00:02:30,960 --> 00:02:30,970 carefully controlled test parameters 41 00:02:30,970 --> 00:02:33,390 carefully controlled test parameters determine the strengths and weaknesses 42 00:02:33,390 --> 00:02:33,400 determine the strengths and weaknesses 43 00:02:33,400 --> 00:02:38,180 determine the strengths and weaknesses in hardware concepts and designs 44 00:02:38,180 --> 00:02:38,190 45 00:02:38,190 --> 00:02:41,400 this testing is crucial to mission 46 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:41,410 this testing is crucial to mission 47 00:02:41,410 --> 00:02:44,880 this testing is crucial to mission success taking the risk here on earth 48 00:02:44,880 --> 00:02:44,890 success taking the risk here on earth 49 00:02:44,890 --> 00:02:48,000 success taking the risk here on earth first will help avoid having to solve a 50 00:02:48,000 --> 00:02:48,010 first will help avoid having to solve a 51 00:02:48,010 --> 00:02:50,340 first will help avoid having to solve a problem miles away from home in the 52 00:02:50,340 --> 00:02:50,350 problem miles away from home in the 53 00:02:50,350 --> 00:02:55,410 problem miles away from home in the unforgiving space environment as part of 54 00:02:55,410 --> 00:02:55,420 unforgiving space environment as part of 55 00:02:55,420 --> 00:02:57,720 unforgiving space environment as part of NASA's Johnson Space Center the white 56 00:02:57,720 --> 00:02:57,730 NASA's Johnson Space Center the white 57 00:02:57,730 --> 00:02:59,730 NASA's Johnson Space Center the white sands test facility is primarily a 58 00:02:59,730 --> 00:02:59,740 sands test facility is primarily a 59 00:02:59,740 --> 00:03:04,500 sands test facility is primarily a support organization the testing 60 00:03:04,500 --> 00:03:04,510 support organization the testing 61 00:03:04,510 --> 00:03:05,970 support organization the testing requirements for the Johnson Space 62 00:03:05,970 --> 00:03:05,980 requirements for the Johnson Space 63 00:03:05,980 --> 00:03:08,160 requirements for the Johnson Space Center are the first priority for this 64 00:03:08,160 --> 00:03:08,170 Center are the first priority for this 65 00:03:08,170 --> 00:03:12,750 Center are the first priority for this facility however it also supports other 66 00:03:12,750 --> 00:03:12,760 facility however it also supports other 67 00:03:12,760 --> 00:03:15,120 facility however it also supports other NASA centers various government agencies 68 00:03:15,120 --> 00:03:15,130 NASA centers various government agencies 69 00:03:15,130 --> 00:03:17,760 NASA centers various government agencies and aerospace related commercial 70 00:03:17,760 --> 00:03:17,770 and aerospace related commercial 71 00:03:17,770 --> 00:03:23,120 and aerospace related commercial industries on a reimbursable basis a 72 00:03:23,120 --> 00:03:23,130 73 00:03:23,130 --> 00:03:25,590 client provides the test article and 74 00:03:25,590 --> 00:03:25,600 client provides the test article and 75 00:03:25,600 --> 00:03:27,810 client provides the test article and defines the technical and schedule 76 00:03:27,810 --> 00:03:27,820 defines the technical and schedule 77 00:03:27,820 --> 00:03:34,710 defines the technical and schedule requirements white sands personnel 78 00:03:34,710 --> 00:03:34,720 requirements white sands personnel 79 00:03:34,720 --> 00:03:36,960 requirements white sands personnel develop and conduct the test program to 80 00:03:36,960 --> 00:03:36,970 develop and conduct the test program to 81 00:03:36,970 --> 00:03:40,950 develop and conduct the test program to satisfy those requirements 82 00:03:40,950 --> 00:03:40,960 83 00:03:40,960 --> 00:03:43,900 NASA's white sands test facility employs 84 00:03:43,900 --> 00:03:43,910 NASA's white sands test facility employs 85 00:03:43,910 --> 00:03:46,720 NASA's white sands test facility employs a team of over 700 civil servants and 86 00:03:46,720 --> 00:03:46,730 a team of over 700 civil servants and 87 00:03:46,730 --> 00:03:49,660 a team of over 700 civil servants and contractors this self-sufficient 88 00:03:49,660 --> 00:03:49,670 contractors this self-sufficient 89 00:03:49,670 --> 00:03:53,130 contractors this self-sufficient facility includes an administrative area 90 00:03:53,130 --> 00:03:53,140 facility includes an administrative area 91 00:03:53,140 --> 00:03:56,830 facility includes an administrative area two propulsion test areas and a 92 00:03:56,830 --> 00:03:56,840 two propulsion test areas and a 93 00:03:56,840 --> 00:04:02,410 two propulsion test areas and a laboratories area the moderate weather 94 00:04:02,410 --> 00:04:02,420 laboratories area the moderate weather 95 00:04:02,420 --> 00:04:05,530 laboratories area the moderate weather arid climate and remote location make 96 00:04:05,530 --> 00:04:05,540 arid climate and remote location make 97 00:04:05,540 --> 00:04:07,630 arid climate and remote location make this an ideal site for propulsion and 98 00:04:07,630 --> 00:04:07,640 this an ideal site for propulsion and 99 00:04:07,640 --> 00:04:12,090 this an ideal site for propulsion and hazardous material testing built in 1964 100 00:04:12,090 --> 00:04:12,100 hazardous material testing built in 1964 101 00:04:12,100 --> 00:04:14,470 hazardous material testing built in 1964 facilities here contest the entire 102 00:04:14,470 --> 00:04:14,480 facilities here contest the entire 103 00:04:14,480 --> 00:04:16,990 facilities here contest the entire propulsion system at one time to see how 104 00:04:16,990 --> 00:04:17,000 propulsion system at one time to see how 105 00:04:17,000 --> 00:04:23,530 propulsion system at one time to see how the components interact while the larger 106 00:04:23,530 --> 00:04:23,540 the components interact while the larger 107 00:04:23,540 --> 00:04:25,510 the components interact while the larger Saturn 5 engines which would push the 108 00:04:25,510 --> 00:04:25,520 Saturn 5 engines which would push the 109 00:04:25,520 --> 00:04:27,130 Saturn 5 engines which would push the Apollo spacecraft off the launch pad 110 00:04:27,130 --> 00:04:27,140 Apollo spacecraft off the launch pad 111 00:04:27,140 --> 00:04:31,360 Apollo spacecraft off the launch pad were tested at another NASA facility the 112 00:04:31,360 --> 00:04:31,370 were tested at another NASA facility the 113 00:04:31,370 --> 00:04:33,040 were tested at another NASA facility the white sands facility began its 114 00:04:33,040 --> 00:04:33,050 white sands facility began its 115 00:04:33,050 --> 00:04:34,630 white sands facility began its propulsion work with the development and 116 00:04:34,630 --> 00:04:34,640 propulsion work with the development and 117 00:04:34,640 --> 00:04:36,880 propulsion work with the development and certification testing of Apollo's 118 00:04:36,880 --> 00:04:36,890 certification testing of Apollo's 119 00:04:36,890 --> 00:04:39,990 certification testing of Apollo's service module and lunar module engines 120 00:04:39,990 --> 00:04:40,000 service module and lunar module engines 121 00:04:40,000 --> 00:04:42,460 service module and lunar module engines these engines were crucial to the 122 00:04:42,460 --> 00:04:42,470 these engines were crucial to the 123 00:04:42,470 --> 00:04:51,159 these engines were crucial to the success of the Apollo missions the 124 00:04:51,159 --> 00:04:51,169 success of the Apollo missions the 125 00:04:51,169 --> 00:04:53,110 success of the Apollo missions the service module engine put the astronauts 126 00:04:53,110 --> 00:04:53,120 service module engine put the astronauts 127 00:04:53,120 --> 00:04:57,159 service module engine put the astronauts into lunar orbit then the lunar module 128 00:04:57,159 --> 00:04:57,169 into lunar orbit then the lunar module 129 00:04:57,169 --> 00:05:00,120 into lunar orbit then the lunar module descent engine landed them on the moon 130 00:05:00,120 --> 00:05:00,130 descent engine landed them on the moon 131 00:05:00,130 --> 00:05:02,860 descent engine landed them on the moon the lunar module ascent engine blasted 132 00:05:02,860 --> 00:05:02,870 the lunar module ascent engine blasted 133 00:05:02,870 --> 00:05:04,360 the lunar module ascent engine blasted them off the moon and back into lunar 134 00:05:04,360 --> 00:05:04,370 them off the moon and back into lunar 135 00:05:04,370 --> 00:05:08,830 them off the moon and back into lunar orbit and the service module engine 136 00:05:08,830 --> 00:05:08,840 orbit and the service module engine 137 00:05:08,840 --> 00:05:14,770 orbit and the service module engine brought them back home four dozen tiny 138 00:05:14,770 --> 00:05:14,780 brought them back home four dozen tiny 139 00:05:14,780 --> 00:05:16,840 brought them back home four dozen tiny reaction control engines on the lunar 140 00:05:16,840 --> 00:05:16,850 reaction control engines on the lunar 141 00:05:16,850 --> 00:05:18,820 reaction control engines on the lunar module and command service module 142 00:05:18,820 --> 00:05:18,830 module and command service module 143 00:05:18,830 --> 00:05:23,650 module and command service module steered the vehicles through space over 144 00:05:23,650 --> 00:05:23,660 steered the vehicles through space over 145 00:05:23,660 --> 00:05:25,570 steered the vehicles through space over the years White Sands has tested more 146 00:05:25,570 --> 00:05:25,580 the years White Sands has tested more 147 00:05:25,580 --> 00:05:27,670 the years White Sands has tested more than three hundred engines in over two 148 00:05:27,670 --> 00:05:27,680 than three hundred engines in over two 149 00:05:27,680 --> 00:05:32,240 than three hundred engines in over two point 1 million firings 150 00:05:32,240 --> 00:05:32,250 151 00:05:32,250 --> 00:05:35,430 each test is conducted to make sure that 152 00:05:35,430 --> 00:05:35,440 each test is conducted to make sure that 153 00:05:35,440 --> 00:05:41,010 each test is conducted to make sure that the engines are safe and reliable in the 154 00:05:41,010 --> 00:05:41,020 the engines are safe and reliable in the 155 00:05:41,020 --> 00:05:44,160 the engines are safe and reliable in the early 1970s white sands began tests for 156 00:05:44,160 --> 00:05:44,170 early 1970s white sands began tests for 157 00:05:44,170 --> 00:05:46,370 early 1970s white sands began tests for the shuttles on-orbit propulsion systems 158 00:05:46,370 --> 00:05:46,380 the shuttles on-orbit propulsion systems 159 00:05:46,380 --> 00:05:49,020 the shuttles on-orbit propulsion systems including the orbital maneuvering system 160 00:05:49,020 --> 00:05:49,030 including the orbital maneuvering system 161 00:05:49,030 --> 00:05:54,900 including the orbital maneuvering system and the reaction control system three 162 00:05:54,900 --> 00:05:54,910 and the reaction control system three 163 00:05:54,910 --> 00:05:57,150 and the reaction control system three high fidelity flight light test articles 164 00:05:57,150 --> 00:05:57,160 high fidelity flight light test articles 165 00:05:57,160 --> 00:05:58,680 high fidelity flight light test articles were used for the development and 166 00:05:58,680 --> 00:05:58,690 were used for the development and 167 00:05:58,690 --> 00:06:02,310 were used for the development and qualification of these systems recently 168 00:06:02,310 --> 00:06:02,320 qualification of these systems recently 169 00:06:02,320 --> 00:06:03,840 qualification of these systems recently these test articles entered a new phase 170 00:06:03,840 --> 00:06:03,850 these test articles entered a new phase 171 00:06:03,850 --> 00:06:07,710 these test articles entered a new phase of testing in order to identify the life 172 00:06:07,710 --> 00:06:07,720 of testing in order to identify the life 173 00:06:07,720 --> 00:06:09,510 of testing in order to identify the life cycle limitations of the shuttle 174 00:06:09,510 --> 00:06:09,520 cycle limitations of the shuttle 175 00:06:09,520 --> 00:06:11,700 cycle limitations of the shuttle propulsion systems nASA has developed 176 00:06:11,700 --> 00:06:11,710 propulsion systems nASA has developed 177 00:06:11,710 --> 00:06:18,210 propulsion systems nASA has developed the fleet leader test program as part of 178 00:06:18,210 --> 00:06:18,220 the fleet leader test program as part of 179 00:06:18,220 --> 00:06:19,710 the fleet leader test program as part of this program white sands will 180 00:06:19,710 --> 00:06:19,720 this program white sands will 181 00:06:19,720 --> 00:06:21,720 this program white sands will periodically operate the test articles 182 00:06:21,720 --> 00:06:21,730 periodically operate the test articles 183 00:06:21,730 --> 00:06:24,150 periodically operate the test articles to see how repeated firings affect the 184 00:06:24,150 --> 00:06:24,160 to see how repeated firings affect the 185 00:06:24,160 --> 00:06:28,020 to see how repeated firings affect the system these test articles will undergo 186 00:06:28,020 --> 00:06:28,030 system these test articles will undergo 187 00:06:28,030 --> 00:06:30,270 system these test articles will undergo more firings and checkouts than any of 188 00:06:30,270 --> 00:06:30,280 more firings and checkouts than any of 189 00:06:30,280 --> 00:06:35,040 more firings and checkouts than any of the corresponding flight systems as a 190 00:06:35,040 --> 00:06:35,050 the corresponding flight systems as a 191 00:06:35,050 --> 00:06:37,290 the corresponding flight systems as a result shuttle component problems 192 00:06:37,290 --> 00:06:37,300 result shuttle component problems 193 00:06:37,300 --> 00:06:39,659 result shuttle component problems resulting from long-term exposure to 194 00:06:39,659 --> 00:06:39,669 resulting from long-term exposure to 195 00:06:39,669 --> 00:06:41,210 resulting from long-term exposure to corrosive rocket propellants and 196 00:06:41,210 --> 00:06:41,220 corrosive rocket propellants and 197 00:06:41,220 --> 00:06:44,310 corrosive rocket propellants and multi-mission operation can be resolved 198 00:06:44,310 --> 00:06:44,320 multi-mission operation can be resolved 199 00:06:44,320 --> 00:06:50,270 multi-mission operation can be resolved before problems occur on flight vehicles 200 00:06:50,270 --> 00:06:50,280 201 00:06:50,280 --> 00:06:52,890 propulsion testing is conducted in two 202 00:06:52,890 --> 00:06:52,900 propulsion testing is conducted in two 203 00:06:52,900 --> 00:06:56,060 propulsion testing is conducted in two separate locations designated 300 and 204 00:06:56,060 --> 00:06:56,070 separate locations designated 300 and 205 00:06:56,070 --> 00:07:02,340 separate locations designated 300 and 400 test areas in the 300 test area to 206 00:07:02,340 --> 00:07:02,350 400 test areas in the 300 test area to 207 00:07:02,350 --> 00:07:05,340 400 test areas in the 300 test area to test stands operate at normal or ambient 208 00:07:05,340 --> 00:07:05,350 test stands operate at normal or ambient 209 00:07:05,350 --> 00:07:07,900 test stands operate at normal or ambient atmospheric pressure 210 00:07:07,900 --> 00:07:07,910 atmospheric pressure 211 00:07:07,910 --> 00:07:10,690 atmospheric pressure these stands are hinged to accommodate 212 00:07:10,690 --> 00:07:10,700 these stands are hinged to accommodate 213 00:07:10,700 --> 00:07:12,550 these stands are hinged to accommodate rocket systems which must be tested in 214 00:07:12,550 --> 00:07:12,560 rocket systems which must be tested in 215 00:07:12,560 --> 00:07:14,490 rocket systems which must be tested in both horizontal and vertical 216 00:07:14,490 --> 00:07:14,500 both horizontal and vertical 217 00:07:14,500 --> 00:07:17,380 both horizontal and vertical orientations such as the steering 218 00:07:17,380 --> 00:07:17,390 orientations such as the steering 219 00:07:17,390 --> 00:07:19,120 orientations such as the steering thrusters which control the shuttles 220 00:07:19,120 --> 00:07:19,130 thrusters which control the shuttles 221 00:07:19,130 --> 00:07:25,330 thrusters which control the shuttles position in orbit a third test chamber 222 00:07:25,330 --> 00:07:25,340 position in orbit a third test chamber 223 00:07:25,340 --> 00:07:26,950 position in orbit a third test chamber allows rocket engine tests to be 224 00:07:26,950 --> 00:07:26,960 allows rocket engine tests to be 225 00:07:26,960 --> 00:07:28,990 allows rocket engine tests to be conducted under simulated space vacuum 226 00:07:28,990 --> 00:07:29,000 conducted under simulated space vacuum 227 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:34,390 conducted under simulated space vacuum condition the largest of these tests and 228 00:07:34,390 --> 00:07:34,400 condition the largest of these tests and 229 00:07:34,400 --> 00:07:37,900 condition the largest of these tests and 302 was extended to a height of 58 feet 230 00:07:37,900 --> 00:07:37,910 302 was extended to a height of 58 feet 231 00:07:37,910 --> 00:07:40,330 302 was extended to a height of 58 feet during the Viking Mars Lander program in 232 00:07:40,330 --> 00:07:40,340 during the Viking Mars Lander program in 233 00:07:40,340 --> 00:07:45,220 during the Viking Mars Lander program in the early 1970s at that time it was used 234 00:07:45,220 --> 00:07:45,230 the early 1970s at that time it was used 235 00:07:45,230 --> 00:07:47,470 the early 1970s at that time it was used to simulate the physical and biological 236 00:07:47,470 --> 00:07:47,480 to simulate the physical and biological 237 00:07:47,480 --> 00:07:49,960 to simulate the physical and biological effects of a rocket engine landing on 238 00:07:49,960 --> 00:07:49,970 effects of a rocket engine landing on 239 00:07:49,970 --> 00:07:52,810 effects of a rocket engine landing on Martian soil this work led to 240 00:07:52,810 --> 00:07:52,820 Martian soil this work led to 241 00:07:52,820 --> 00:07:54,490 Martian soil this work led to improvements to the rocket engine and 242 00:07:54,490 --> 00:07:54,500 improvements to the rocket engine and 243 00:07:54,500 --> 00:07:56,800 improvements to the rocket engine and its fuel prior to the launch of the 244 00:07:56,800 --> 00:07:56,810 its fuel prior to the launch of the 245 00:07:56,810 --> 00:08:00,970 its fuel prior to the launch of the Viking probe the stand has since been 246 00:08:00,970 --> 00:08:00,980 Viking probe the stand has since been 247 00:08:00,980 --> 00:08:03,130 Viking probe the stand has since been modified to accommodate vacuum testing 248 00:08:03,130 --> 00:08:03,140 modified to accommodate vacuum testing 249 00:08:03,140 --> 00:08:08,740 modified to accommodate vacuum testing of space station propulsion systems one 250 00:08:08,740 --> 00:08:08,750 of space station propulsion systems one 251 00:08:08,750 --> 00:08:10,960 of space station propulsion systems one of the largest instant steam generating 252 00:08:10,960 --> 00:08:10,970 of the largest instant steam generating 253 00:08:10,970 --> 00:08:13,210 of the largest instant steam generating systems in the country is located in the 254 00:08:13,210 --> 00:08:13,220 systems in the country is located in the 255 00:08:13,220 --> 00:08:17,260 systems in the country is located in the 400 test area it can generate over 3/4 256 00:08:17,260 --> 00:08:17,270 400 test area it can generate over 3/4 257 00:08:17,270 --> 00:08:19,210 400 test area it can generate over 3/4 of a million horsepower which would 258 00:08:19,210 --> 00:08:19,220 of a million horsepower which would 259 00:08:19,220 --> 00:08:22,270 of a million horsepower which would equal the power of over 5,000 automobile 260 00:08:22,270 --> 00:08:22,280 equal the power of over 5,000 automobile 261 00:08:22,280 --> 00:08:27,499 equal the power of over 5,000 automobile engines 262 00:08:27,499 --> 00:08:27,509 263 00:08:27,509 --> 00:08:30,570 this steam generator closely simulates 264 00:08:30,570 --> 00:08:30,580 this steam generator closely simulates 265 00:08:30,580 --> 00:08:32,579 this steam generator closely simulates the space environment by allowing the 266 00:08:32,579 --> 00:08:32,589 the space environment by allowing the 267 00:08:32,589 --> 00:08:34,589 the space environment by allowing the interior of the altitude chambers to 268 00:08:34,589 --> 00:08:34,599 interior of the altitude chambers to 269 00:08:34,599 --> 00:08:36,990 interior of the altitude chambers to remain in a near vacuum during an engine 270 00:08:36,990 --> 00:08:37,000 remain in a near vacuum during an engine 271 00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:44,040 remain in a near vacuum during an engine firing to create the vacuum the engine 272 00:08:44,040 --> 00:08:44,050 firing to create the vacuum the engine 273 00:08:44,050 --> 00:08:46,500 firing to create the vacuum the engine fires into a large specially shaped duct 274 00:08:46,500 --> 00:08:46,510 fires into a large specially shaped duct 275 00:08:46,510 --> 00:08:50,700 fires into a large specially shaped duct which vents to the outside inside the 276 00:08:50,700 --> 00:08:50,710 which vents to the outside inside the 277 00:08:50,710 --> 00:08:52,650 which vents to the outside inside the duct our nozzles that inject cooling 278 00:08:52,650 --> 00:08:52,660 duct our nozzles that inject cooling 279 00:08:52,660 --> 00:08:54,960 duct our nozzles that inject cooling water and shoot high-pressure steam in 280 00:08:54,960 --> 00:08:54,970 water and shoot high-pressure steam in 281 00:08:54,970 --> 00:08:56,670 water and shoot high-pressure steam in the same direction as the exhaust is 282 00:08:56,670 --> 00:08:56,680 the same direction as the exhaust is 283 00:08:56,680 --> 00:09:00,090 the same direction as the exhaust is traveling the steam is accelerated to 284 00:09:00,090 --> 00:09:00,100 traveling the steam is accelerated to 285 00:09:00,100 --> 00:09:03,030 traveling the steam is accelerated to supersonic speeds as it is ejected by 286 00:09:03,030 --> 00:09:03,040 supersonic speeds as it is ejected by 287 00:09:03,040 --> 00:09:05,730 supersonic speeds as it is ejected by the system this creates a low pressure 288 00:09:05,730 --> 00:09:05,740 the system this creates a low pressure 289 00:09:05,740 --> 00:09:07,980 the system this creates a low pressure which has enough suction to pull all the 290 00:09:07,980 --> 00:09:07,990 which has enough suction to pull all the 291 00:09:07,990 --> 00:09:10,530 which has enough suction to pull all the atmosphere and the Rockets exhaust out 292 00:09:10,530 --> 00:09:10,540 atmosphere and the Rockets exhaust out 293 00:09:10,540 --> 00:09:14,430 atmosphere and the Rockets exhaust out of the info stand as a result the engine 294 00:09:14,430 --> 00:09:14,440 of the info stand as a result the engine 295 00:09:14,440 --> 00:09:16,680 of the info stand as a result the engine and exhaust plume are kept in a near 296 00:09:16,680 --> 00:09:16,690 and exhaust plume are kept in a near 297 00:09:16,690 --> 00:09:20,850 and exhaust plume are kept in a near vacuum testing under vacuum conditions 298 00:09:20,850 --> 00:09:20,860 vacuum testing under vacuum conditions 299 00:09:20,860 --> 00:09:22,980 vacuum testing under vacuum conditions is vital because rocket engines perform 300 00:09:22,980 --> 00:09:22,990 is vital because rocket engines perform 301 00:09:22,990 --> 00:09:25,320 is vital because rocket engines perform significantly better in space than in 302 00:09:25,320 --> 00:09:25,330 significantly better in space than in 303 00:09:25,330 --> 00:09:28,530 significantly better in space than in tests at atmospheric pressure this 304 00:09:28,530 --> 00:09:28,540 tests at atmospheric pressure this 305 00:09:28,540 --> 00:09:30,300 tests at atmospheric pressure this difference in performance must be 306 00:09:30,300 --> 00:09:30,310 difference in performance must be 307 00:09:30,310 --> 00:09:35,519 difference in performance must be measured precisely test stands for o1 308 00:09:35,519 --> 00:09:35,529 measured precisely test stands for o1 309 00:09:35,529 --> 00:09:38,970 measured precisely test stands for o1 and 403 our altitude chambers used for 310 00:09:38,970 --> 00:09:38,980 and 403 our altitude chambers used for 311 00:09:38,980 --> 00:09:42,079 and 403 our altitude chambers used for testing liquid propellant engines a 312 00:09:42,079 --> 00:09:42,089 testing liquid propellant engines a 313 00:09:42,089 --> 00:09:44,460 testing liquid propellant engines a full-scale shuttle orbital maneuvering 314 00:09:44,460 --> 00:09:44,470 full-scale shuttle orbital maneuvering 315 00:09:44,470 --> 00:09:47,070 full-scale shuttle orbital maneuvering system pod and a flight type orbital 316 00:09:47,070 --> 00:09:47,080 system pod and a flight type orbital 317 00:09:47,080 --> 00:09:49,650 system pod and a flight type orbital maneuvering engine are installed in test 318 00:09:49,650 --> 00:09:49,660 maneuvering engine are installed in test 319 00:09:49,660 --> 00:09:54,800 maneuvering engine are installed in test and fleet leader tests 320 00:09:54,800 --> 00:09:54,810 321 00:09:54,810 --> 00:09:57,660 another specialized vacuum test stand 322 00:09:57,660 --> 00:09:57,670 another specialized vacuum test stand 323 00:09:57,670 --> 00:10:00,930 another specialized vacuum test stand designated 405 was designed to determine 324 00:10:00,930 --> 00:10:00,940 designated 405 was designed to determine 325 00:10:00,940 --> 00:10:02,520 designated 405 was designed to determine the performance of the solid rocket 326 00:10:02,520 --> 00:10:02,530 the performance of the solid rocket 327 00:10:02,530 --> 00:10:04,470 the performance of the solid rocket motors typically used to boost 328 00:10:04,470 --> 00:10:04,480 motors typically used to boost 329 00:10:04,480 --> 00:10:06,810 motors typically used to boost spacecraft into orbits higher than the 330 00:10:06,810 --> 00:10:06,820 spacecraft into orbits higher than the 331 00:10:06,820 --> 00:10:10,830 spacecraft into orbits higher than the shuttle can reach solid rocket motor 332 00:10:10,830 --> 00:10:10,840 shuttle can reach solid rocket motor 333 00:10:10,840 --> 00:10:12,780 shuttle can reach solid rocket motor testing is difficult because these 334 00:10:12,780 --> 00:10:12,790 testing is difficult because these 335 00:10:12,790 --> 00:10:15,630 testing is difficult because these motors are often spun as they are fired 336 00:10:15,630 --> 00:10:15,640 motors are often spun as they are fired 337 00:10:15,640 --> 00:10:19,470 motors are often spun as they are fired a special fixture was set up to spin the 338 00:10:19,470 --> 00:10:19,480 a special fixture was set up to spin the 339 00:10:19,480 --> 00:10:22,890 a special fixture was set up to spin the motors at rates up to 125 revolutions 340 00:10:22,890 --> 00:10:22,900 motors at rates up to 125 revolutions 341 00:10:22,900 --> 00:10:26,520 motors at rates up to 125 revolutions per minute motor pressures temperatures 342 00:10:26,520 --> 00:10:26,530 per minute motor pressures temperatures 343 00:10:26,530 --> 00:10:28,710 per minute motor pressures temperatures and thrust outputs are measured to 344 00:10:28,710 --> 00:10:28,720 and thrust outputs are measured to 345 00:10:28,720 --> 00:10:30,870 and thrust outputs are measured to verify compliance with performance 346 00:10:30,870 --> 00:10:30,880 verify compliance with performance 347 00:10:30,880 --> 00:10:34,710 verify compliance with performance guidelines this stand can also test 348 00:10:34,710 --> 00:10:34,720 guidelines this stand can also test 349 00:10:34,720 --> 00:10:37,020 guidelines this stand can also test liquid fuel rocket engines such as the 350 00:10:37,020 --> 00:10:37,030 liquid fuel rocket engines such as the 351 00:10:37,030 --> 00:10:43,320 liquid fuel rocket engines such as the shuttles steering thrusters each test 352 00:10:43,320 --> 00:10:43,330 shuttles steering thrusters each test 353 00:10:43,330 --> 00:10:44,520 shuttles steering thrusters each test stand is operated from the 354 00:10:44,520 --> 00:10:44,530 stand is operated from the 355 00:10:44,530 --> 00:10:48,140 stand is operated from the blast-resistant control center 356 00:10:48,140 --> 00:10:48,150 blast-resistant control center 357 00:10:48,150 --> 00:10:50,340 blast-resistant control center underground tunnels connect the stands 358 00:10:50,340 --> 00:10:50,350 underground tunnels connect the stands 359 00:10:50,350 --> 00:10:52,530 underground tunnels connect the stands with the control center and protect the 360 00:10:52,530 --> 00:10:52,540 with the control center and protect the 361 00:10:52,540 --> 00:11:03,050 with the control center and protect the electrical and instrumentation wiring 362 00:11:03,050 --> 00:11:03,060 363 00:11:03,060 --> 00:11:06,120 each test article is instrumented with 364 00:11:06,120 --> 00:11:06,130 each test article is instrumented with 365 00:11:06,130 --> 00:11:07,740 each test article is instrumented with hundreds of devices each measure 366 00:11:07,740 --> 00:11:07,750 hundreds of devices each measure 367 00:11:07,750 --> 00:11:10,920 hundreds of devices each measure pressures temperatures vibrations and 368 00:11:10,920 --> 00:11:10,930 pressures temperatures vibrations and 369 00:11:10,930 --> 00:11:14,819 pressures temperatures vibrations and flow rates the test procedure is 370 00:11:14,819 --> 00:11:14,829 flow rates the test procedure is 371 00:11:14,829 --> 00:11:16,500 flow rates the test procedure is precisely controlled to allow a 372 00:11:16,500 --> 00:11:16,510 precisely controlled to allow a 373 00:11:16,510 --> 00:11:24,259 precisely controlled to allow a comprehensive analysis of the results 374 00:11:24,259 --> 00:11:24,269 375 00:11:24,269 --> 00:11:27,120 for sets of computers acquire and 376 00:11:27,120 --> 00:11:27,130 for sets of computers acquire and 377 00:11:27,130 --> 00:11:31,129 for sets of computers acquire and process the test data 378 00:11:31,129 --> 00:11:31,139 379 00:11:31,139 --> 00:11:33,930 these computers offer real-time test 380 00:11:33,930 --> 00:11:33,940 these computers offer real-time test 381 00:11:33,940 --> 00:11:36,329 these computers offer real-time test control plus digital and color graphic 382 00:11:36,329 --> 00:11:36,339 control plus digital and color graphic 383 00:11:36,339 --> 00:11:41,790 control plus digital and color graphic data displays engineers analyze the data 384 00:11:41,790 --> 00:11:41,800 data displays engineers analyze the data 385 00:11:41,800 --> 00:11:43,800 data displays engineers analyze the data to determine if the system met 386 00:11:43,800 --> 00:11:43,810 to determine if the system met 387 00:11:43,810 --> 00:11:47,490 to determine if the system met performance objectives following a 388 00:11:47,490 --> 00:11:47,500 performance objectives following a 389 00:11:47,500 --> 00:11:48,990 performance objectives following a firing the propulsion system is 390 00:11:48,990 --> 00:11:49,000 firing the propulsion system is 391 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:50,910 firing the propulsion system is carefully checked out and examined for 392 00:11:50,910 --> 00:11:50,920 carefully checked out and examined for 393 00:11:50,920 --> 00:11:56,850 carefully checked out and examined for damage propulsion testing is more than 394 00:11:56,850 --> 00:11:56,860 damage propulsion testing is more than 395 00:11:56,860 --> 00:12:00,120 damage propulsion testing is more than just fire and smoke often white sands 396 00:12:00,120 --> 00:12:00,130 just fire and smoke often white sands 397 00:12:00,130 --> 00:12:02,220 just fire and smoke often white sands personnel must develop procedures were 398 00:12:02,220 --> 00:12:02,230 personnel must develop procedures were 399 00:12:02,230 --> 00:12:04,079 personnel must develop procedures were safely handling toxic or hazardous 400 00:12:04,079 --> 00:12:04,089 safely handling toxic or hazardous 401 00:12:04,089 --> 00:12:07,319 safely handling toxic or hazardous propellants in various situations such 402 00:12:07,319 --> 00:12:07,329 propellants in various situations such 403 00:12:07,329 --> 00:12:10,550 propellants in various situations such as loading propellants onto the shuttle 404 00:12:10,550 --> 00:12:10,560 as loading propellants onto the shuttle 405 00:12:10,560 --> 00:12:12,990 as loading propellants onto the shuttle other work involves continued 406 00:12:12,990 --> 00:12:13,000 other work involves continued 407 00:12:13,000 --> 00:12:15,120 other work involves continued development of environmentally safe 408 00:12:15,120 --> 00:12:15,130 development of environmentally safe 409 00:12:15,130 --> 00:12:17,579 development of environmentally safe systems or destroying toxic fuel waste 410 00:12:17,579 --> 00:12:17,589 systems or destroying toxic fuel waste 411 00:12:17,589 --> 00:12:21,520 systems or destroying toxic fuel waste products 412 00:12:21,520 --> 00:12:21,530 413 00:12:21,530 --> 00:12:23,840 techniques are also developed for 414 00:12:23,840 --> 00:12:23,850 techniques are also developed for 415 00:12:23,850 --> 00:12:26,180 techniques are also developed for cleaning and refurbishing shuttle 416 00:12:26,180 --> 00:12:26,190 cleaning and refurbishing shuttle 417 00:12:26,190 --> 00:12:27,830 cleaning and refurbishing shuttle propellant components which have 418 00:12:27,830 --> 00:12:27,840 propellant components which have 419 00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:30,080 propellant components which have accumulated contamination during more 420 00:12:30,080 --> 00:12:30,090 accumulated contamination during more 421 00:12:30,090 --> 00:12:38,060 accumulated contamination during more than 10 years of flight operations many 422 00:12:38,060 --> 00:12:38,070 than 10 years of flight operations many 423 00:12:38,070 --> 00:12:40,100 than 10 years of flight operations many special projects at white sands are 424 00:12:40,100 --> 00:12:40,110 special projects at white sands are 425 00:12:40,110 --> 00:12:42,200 special projects at white sands are supported by an extensive laboratory 426 00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:42,210 supported by an extensive laboratory 427 00:12:42,210 --> 00:12:47,420 supported by an extensive laboratory complex the laboratories area has nine 428 00:12:47,420 --> 00:12:47,430 complex the laboratories area has nine 429 00:12:47,430 --> 00:12:50,090 complex the laboratories area has nine remote tested cells designed for high 430 00:12:50,090 --> 00:12:50,100 remote tested cells designed for high 431 00:12:50,100 --> 00:12:52,040 remote tested cells designed for high pressure testing with gaseous and liquid 432 00:12:52,040 --> 00:12:52,050 pressure testing with gaseous and liquid 433 00:12:52,050 --> 00:12:55,270 pressure testing with gaseous and liquid oxygen 434 00:12:55,270 --> 00:12:55,280 435 00:12:55,280 --> 00:12:58,520 there are also 14 remote test cells 436 00:12:58,520 --> 00:12:58,530 there are also 14 remote test cells 437 00:12:58,530 --> 00:13:01,000 there are also 14 remote test cells capable of withstanding explosions and 438 00:13:01,000 --> 00:13:01,010 capable of withstanding explosions and 439 00:13:01,010 --> 00:13:03,350 capable of withstanding explosions and designed for operation with hazardous 440 00:13:03,350 --> 00:13:03,360 designed for operation with hazardous 441 00:13:03,360 --> 00:13:07,280 designed for operation with hazardous toxic fluids in this area special 442 00:13:07,280 --> 00:13:07,290 toxic fluids in this area special 443 00:13:07,290 --> 00:13:08,900 toxic fluids in this area special equipment is used to examine the 444 00:13:08,900 --> 00:13:08,910 equipment is used to examine the 445 00:13:08,910 --> 00:13:14,990 equipment is used to examine the ignition combustion and explosive 446 00:13:14,990 --> 00:13:15,000 ignition combustion and explosive 447 00:13:15,000 --> 00:13:16,700 ignition combustion and explosive properties of typical spacecraft 448 00:13:16,700 --> 00:13:16,710 properties of typical spacecraft 449 00:13:16,710 --> 00:13:21,140 properties of typical spacecraft materials and propellers white sands has 450 00:13:21,140 --> 00:13:21,150 materials and propellers white sands has 451 00:13:21,150 --> 00:13:23,120 materials and propellers white sands has one of the most extensive materials 452 00:13:23,120 --> 00:13:23,130 one of the most extensive materials 453 00:13:23,130 --> 00:13:26,390 one of the most extensive materials testing laboratories in the world this 454 00:13:26,390 --> 00:13:26,400 testing laboratories in the world this 455 00:13:26,400 --> 00:13:29,360 testing laboratories in the world this lab characterizes materials on earth so 456 00:13:29,360 --> 00:13:29,370 lab characterizes materials on earth so 457 00:13:29,370 --> 00:13:32,140 lab characterizes materials on earth so that they can be depended on in space 458 00:13:32,140 --> 00:13:32,150 that they can be depended on in space 459 00:13:32,150 --> 00:13:35,180 that they can be depended on in space over 90% of all the nonmetallic 460 00:13:35,180 --> 00:13:35,190 over 90% of all the nonmetallic 461 00:13:35,190 --> 00:13:37,850 over 90% of all the nonmetallic materials flown during the Apollo Skylab 462 00:13:37,850 --> 00:13:37,860 materials flown during the Apollo Skylab 463 00:13:37,860 --> 00:13:40,610 materials flown during the Apollo Skylab and shuttle programs have been tested at 464 00:13:40,610 --> 00:13:40,620 and shuttle programs have been tested at 465 00:13:40,620 --> 00:13:44,480 and shuttle programs have been tested at white sands currently work focuses on 466 00:13:44,480 --> 00:13:44,490 white sands currently work focuses on 467 00:13:44,490 --> 00:13:46,280 white sands currently work focuses on materials proposed for use on the 468 00:13:46,280 --> 00:13:46,290 materials proposed for use on the 469 00:13:46,290 --> 00:13:50,530 materials proposed for use on the shuttle its payloads and space station 470 00:13:50,530 --> 00:13:50,540 shuttle its payloads and space station 471 00:13:50,540 --> 00:13:53,480 shuttle its payloads and space station among the unique tests conducted here is 472 00:13:53,480 --> 00:13:53,490 among the unique tests conducted here is 473 00:13:53,490 --> 00:13:57,470 among the unique tests conducted here is the flammability of metals white sands 474 00:13:57,470 --> 00:13:57,480 the flammability of metals white sands 475 00:13:57,480 --> 00:13:59,240 the flammability of metals white sands is a proven leader in this type of 476 00:13:59,240 --> 00:13:59,250 is a proven leader in this type of 477 00:13:59,250 --> 00:14:07,820 is a proven leader in this type of testing and in analyzing how metals burn 478 00:14:07,820 --> 00:14:07,830 479 00:14:07,830 --> 00:14:10,190 recently hypervelocity particle 480 00:14:10,190 --> 00:14:10,200 recently hypervelocity particle 481 00:14:10,200 --> 00:14:11,870 recently hypervelocity particle launchers have been added to white sands 482 00:14:11,870 --> 00:14:11,880 launchers have been added to white sands 483 00:14:11,880 --> 00:14:25,160 launchers have been added to white sands arsenal of tools these light gas guns 484 00:14:25,160 --> 00:14:25,170 arsenal of tools these light gas guns 485 00:14:25,170 --> 00:14:26,990 arsenal of tools these light gas guns propel objects up to one inch in 486 00:14:26,990 --> 00:14:27,000 propel objects up to one inch in 487 00:14:27,000 --> 00:14:29,600 propel objects up to one inch in diameter at speeds of nearly seven 488 00:14:29,600 --> 00:14:29,610 diameter at speeds of nearly seven 489 00:14:29,610 --> 00:14:33,199 diameter at speeds of nearly seven kilometers per second or ten times as 490 00:14:33,199 --> 00:14:33,209 kilometers per second or ten times as 491 00:14:33,209 --> 00:14:36,590 kilometers per second or ten times as fast as a high-powered rifle this 492 00:14:36,590 --> 00:14:36,600 fast as a high-powered rifle this 493 00:14:36,600 --> 00:14:39,079 fast as a high-powered rifle this simulates the impact of meteoroids and 494 00:14:39,079 --> 00:14:39,089 simulates the impact of meteoroids and 495 00:14:39,089 --> 00:14:43,009 simulates the impact of meteoroids and orbital debris on hazardous targets such 496 00:14:43,009 --> 00:14:43,019 orbital debris on hazardous targets such 497 00:14:43,019 --> 00:14:47,000 orbital debris on hazardous targets such as pressurized containers propellant 498 00:14:47,000 --> 00:14:47,010 as pressurized containers propellant 499 00:14:47,010 --> 00:14:52,630 as pressurized containers propellant tanks or other spacecraft components 500 00:14:52,630 --> 00:14:52,640 501 00:14:52,640 --> 00:14:55,400 there is more to the lab area than 502 00:14:55,400 --> 00:14:55,410 there is more to the lab area than 503 00:14:55,410 --> 00:14:59,920 there is more to the lab area than testing materials or studying explosions 504 00:14:59,920 --> 00:14:59,930 testing materials or studying explosions 505 00:14:59,930 --> 00:15:02,360 testing materials or studying explosions often parts that have failed on board 506 00:15:02,360 --> 00:15:02,370 often parts that have failed on board 507 00:15:02,370 --> 00:15:05,449 often parts that have failed on board the shuttle are analyzed in the 508 00:15:05,449 --> 00:15:05,459 the shuttle are analyzed in the 509 00:15:05,459 --> 00:15:06,860 the shuttle are analyzed in the controlled environment of the lab 510 00:15:06,860 --> 00:15:06,870 controlled environment of the lab 511 00:15:06,870 --> 00:15:10,819 controlled environment of the lab engineers try to mimic the failures from 512 00:15:10,819 --> 00:15:10,829 engineers try to mimic the failures from 513 00:15:10,829 --> 00:15:12,650 engineers try to mimic the failures from that they can identify the specific 514 00:15:12,650 --> 00:15:12,660 that they can identify the specific 515 00:15:12,660 --> 00:15:17,930 that they can identify the specific problem and work on a solution an other 516 00:15:17,930 --> 00:15:17,940 problem and work on a solution an other 517 00:15:17,940 --> 00:15:20,210 problem and work on a solution an other area of interest is payloads outgassing 518 00:15:20,210 --> 00:15:20,220 area of interest is payloads outgassing 519 00:15:20,220 --> 00:15:23,120 area of interest is payloads outgassing or the migration of molecules out of 520 00:15:23,120 --> 00:15:23,130 or the migration of molecules out of 521 00:15:23,130 --> 00:15:27,170 or the migration of molecules out of organic products tests are conducted on 522 00:15:27,170 --> 00:15:27,180 organic products tests are conducted on 523 00:15:27,180 --> 00:15:31,460 organic products tests are conducted on everything from laptop computers to 524 00:15:31,460 --> 00:15:31,470 everything from laptop computers to 525 00:15:31,470 --> 00:15:35,540 everything from laptop computers to animal enclosures to film for onboard 526 00:15:35,540 --> 00:15:35,550 animal enclosures to film for onboard 527 00:15:35,550 --> 00:15:38,480 animal enclosures to film for onboard cameras to ensure that nothing toxic is 528 00:15:38,480 --> 00:15:38,490 cameras to ensure that nothing toxic is 529 00:15:38,490 --> 00:15:40,250 cameras to ensure that nothing toxic is released from materials due to 530 00:15:40,250 --> 00:15:40,260 released from materials due to 531 00:15:40,260 --> 00:15:44,120 released from materials due to outgassing also payloads that fly 532 00:15:44,120 --> 00:15:44,130 outgassing also payloads that fly 533 00:15:44,130 --> 00:15:46,370 outgassing also payloads that fly together are tested to make sure that 534 00:15:46,370 --> 00:15:46,380 together are tested to make sure that 535 00:15:46,380 --> 00:15:48,410 together are tested to make sure that one payloads outgassing does not 536 00:15:48,410 --> 00:15:48,420 one payloads outgassing does not 537 00:15:48,420 --> 00:15:52,790 one payloads outgassing does not contaminate other payloads and white 538 00:15:52,790 --> 00:15:52,800 contaminate other payloads and white 539 00:15:52,800 --> 00:15:54,769 contaminate other payloads and white sands clean rooms are used continuously 540 00:15:54,769 --> 00:15:54,779 sands clean rooms are used continuously 541 00:15:54,779 --> 00:15:57,889 sands clean rooms are used continuously to precision clean all the parts used in 542 00:15:57,889 --> 00:15:57,899 to precision clean all the parts used in 543 00:15:57,899 --> 00:15:59,510 to precision clean all the parts used in rocket propellant and liquid oxygen 544 00:15:59,510 --> 00:15:59,520 rocket propellant and liquid oxygen 545 00:15:59,520 --> 00:16:03,800 rocket propellant and liquid oxygen tests these clean rooms are an integral 546 00:16:03,800 --> 00:16:03,810 tests these clean rooms are an integral 547 00:16:03,810 --> 00:16:07,040 tests these clean rooms are an integral part of the test program tests using 548 00:16:07,040 --> 00:16:07,050 part of the test program tests using 549 00:16:07,050 --> 00:16:08,900 part of the test program tests using rocket fuels cannot be conducted without 550 00:16:08,900 --> 00:16:08,910 rocket fuels cannot be conducted without 551 00:16:08,910 --> 00:16:12,620 rocket fuels cannot be conducted without precision clean parts if a small bit of 552 00:16:12,620 --> 00:16:12,630 precision clean parts if a small bit of 553 00:16:12,630 --> 00:16:14,840 precision clean parts if a small bit of organic material is on the test article 554 00:16:14,840 --> 00:16:14,850 organic material is on the test article 555 00:16:14,850 --> 00:16:17,870 organic material is on the test article and it is tested in pure oxygen a fire 556 00:16:17,870 --> 00:16:17,880 and it is tested in pure oxygen a fire 557 00:16:17,880 --> 00:16:19,360 and it is tested in pure oxygen a fire could result 558 00:16:19,360 --> 00:16:19,370 could result 559 00:16:19,370 --> 00:16:21,280 could result the clean room not only ensures 560 00:16:21,280 --> 00:16:21,290 the clean room not only ensures 561 00:16:21,290 --> 00:16:23,950 the clean room not only ensures uncontaminated test results but more 562 00:16:23,950 --> 00:16:23,960 uncontaminated test results but more 563 00:16:23,960 --> 00:16:26,620 uncontaminated test results but more importantly provides a necessary safety 564 00:16:26,620 --> 00:16:26,630 importantly provides a necessary safety 565 00:16:26,630 --> 00:16:35,410 importantly provides a necessary safety factor one indispensable and rather 566 00:16:35,410 --> 00:16:35,420 factor one indispensable and rather 567 00:16:35,420 --> 00:16:38,170 factor one indispensable and rather unusual test capability is the odor 568 00:16:38,170 --> 00:16:38,180 unusual test capability is the odor 569 00:16:38,180 --> 00:16:42,640 unusual test capability is the odor panel since 1967 a panel of volunteers 570 00:16:42,640 --> 00:16:42,650 panel since 1967 a panel of volunteers 571 00:16:42,650 --> 00:16:45,310 panel since 1967 a panel of volunteers has sniffed literally every item that 572 00:16:45,310 --> 00:16:45,320 has sniffed literally every item that 573 00:16:45,320 --> 00:16:47,800 has sniffed literally every item that has flown in the crew cabins of NASA's 574 00:16:47,800 --> 00:16:47,810 has flown in the crew cabins of NASA's 575 00:16:47,810 --> 00:16:51,520 has flown in the crew cabins of NASA's manned spacecraft this is important 576 00:16:51,520 --> 00:16:51,530 manned spacecraft this is important 577 00:16:51,530 --> 00:16:53,290 manned spacecraft this is important because a bad odor permeating an 578 00:16:53,290 --> 00:16:53,300 because a bad odor permeating an 579 00:16:53,300 --> 00:17:09,600 because a bad odor permeating an enclosed cabin can become uncomfortable 580 00:17:09,600 --> 00:17:09,610 581 00:17:09,610 --> 00:17:16,390 and alysus calibration valve disassembly 582 00:17:16,390 --> 00:17:16,400 and alysus calibration valve disassembly 583 00:17:16,400 --> 00:17:24,770 and alysus calibration valve disassembly and assembly metallurgy 584 00:17:24,770 --> 00:17:24,780 585 00:17:24,780 --> 00:17:30,730 x-ray special component-level testing 586 00:17:30,730 --> 00:17:30,740 x-ray special component-level testing 587 00:17:30,740 --> 00:17:34,910 x-ray special component-level testing and photography for all propulsion and 588 00:17:34,910 --> 00:17:34,920 and photography for all propulsion and 589 00:17:34,920 --> 00:17:39,770 and photography for all propulsion and laboratory activities technical support 590 00:17:39,770 --> 00:17:39,780 laboratory activities technical support 591 00:17:39,780 --> 00:17:41,660 laboratory activities technical support at white sands doesn't stop with the 592 00:17:41,660 --> 00:17:41,670 at white sands doesn't stop with the 593 00:17:41,670 --> 00:17:45,470 at white sands doesn't stop with the completion of the test these engineers 594 00:17:45,470 --> 00:17:45,480 completion of the test these engineers 595 00:17:45,480 --> 00:17:47,450 completion of the test these engineers scientists and technicians are 596 00:17:47,450 --> 00:17:47,460 scientists and technicians are 597 00:17:47,460 --> 00:17:49,220 scientists and technicians are determined to provide the answers to 598 00:17:49,220 --> 00:17:49,230 determined to provide the answers to 599 00:17:49,230 --> 00:17:53,330 determined to provide the answers to whatever questions might be posed they 600 00:17:53,330 --> 00:17:53,340 whatever questions might be posed they 601 00:17:53,340 --> 00:17:55,370 whatever questions might be posed they have even compiled several handbooks on 602 00:17:55,370 --> 00:17:55,380 have even compiled several handbooks on 603 00:17:55,380 --> 00:17:58,520 have even compiled several handbooks on aerospace fluid hazards as well as 604 00:17:58,520 --> 00:17:58,530 aerospace fluid hazards as well as 605 00:17:58,530 --> 00:17:59,750 aerospace fluid hazards as well as provided support for special 606 00:17:59,750 --> 00:17:59,760 provided support for special 607 00:17:59,760 --> 00:18:07,310 provided support for special investigations and hazard assessments in 608 00:18:07,310 --> 00:18:07,320 investigations and hazard assessments in 609 00:18:07,320 --> 00:18:09,500 investigations and hazard assessments in addition to providing top-notch test 610 00:18:09,500 --> 00:18:09,510 addition to providing top-notch test 611 00:18:09,510 --> 00:18:11,960 addition to providing top-notch test cells and laboratories the white sands 612 00:18:11,960 --> 00:18:11,970 cells and laboratories the white sands 613 00:18:11,970 --> 00:18:13,850 cells and laboratories the white sands test facility also supports another 614 00:18:13,850 --> 00:18:13,860 test facility also supports another 615 00:18:13,860 --> 00:18:22,270 test facility also supports another important part of the shuttle program a 616 00:18:22,270 --> 00:18:22,280 617 00:18:22,280 --> 00:18:25,220 dry gypsum lake bed at the nearby US 618 00:18:25,220 --> 00:18:25,230 dry gypsum lake bed at the nearby US 619 00:18:25,230 --> 00:18:27,650 dry gypsum lake bed at the nearby US Army White Sands Missile Range provides 620 00:18:27,650 --> 00:18:27,660 Army White Sands Missile Range provides 621 00:18:27,660 --> 00:18:30,530 Army White Sands Missile Range provides two seven mile long runways for shuttle 622 00:18:30,530 --> 00:18:30,540 two seven mile long runways for shuttle 623 00:18:30,540 --> 00:18:32,600 two seven mile long runways for shuttle landing operations and astronaut 624 00:18:32,600 --> 00:18:32,610 landing operations and astronaut 625 00:18:32,610 --> 00:18:36,740 landing operations and astronaut training designated white sands Space 626 00:18:36,740 --> 00:18:36,750 training designated white sands Space 627 00:18:36,750 --> 00:18:39,170 training designated white sands Space Harbor this area of the Missile Range 628 00:18:39,170 --> 00:18:39,180 Harbor this area of the Missile Range 629 00:18:39,180 --> 00:18:41,810 Harbor this area of the Missile Range serves as an alternate landing site for 630 00:18:41,810 --> 00:18:41,820 serves as an alternate landing site for 631 00:18:41,820 --> 00:18:52,310 serves as an alternate landing site for the shuttle here 632 00:18:52,310 --> 00:18:52,320 633 00:18:52,320 --> 00:18:54,710 although only one shuttle has landed 634 00:18:54,710 --> 00:18:54,720 although only one shuttle has landed 635 00:18:54,720 --> 00:18:57,230 although only one shuttle has landed here the Space Harbor is used everyday 636 00:18:57,230 --> 00:18:57,240 here the Space Harbor is used everyday 637 00:18:57,240 --> 00:18:59,990 here the Space Harbor is used everyday and often at night as an essential 638 00:18:59,990 --> 00:19:00,000 and often at night as an essential 639 00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:03,230 and often at night as an essential training ground for shuttle pilots here 640 00:19:03,230 --> 00:19:03,240 training ground for shuttle pilots here 641 00:19:03,240 --> 00:19:05,180 training ground for shuttle pilots here astronauts practice approaches and 642 00:19:05,180 --> 00:19:05,190 astronauts practice approaches and 643 00:19:05,190 --> 00:19:06,620 astronauts practice approaches and landings using the shuttle training 644 00:19:06,620 --> 00:19:06,630 landings using the shuttle training 645 00:19:06,630 --> 00:19:08,899 landings using the shuttle training aircraft which mimics the shuttles 646 00:19:08,899 --> 00:19:08,909 aircraft which mimics the shuttles 647 00:19:08,909 --> 00:19:10,360 aircraft which mimics the shuttles flight characteristics and 648 00:19:10,360 --> 00:19:10,370 flight characteristics and 649 00:19:10,370 --> 00:19:18,350 flight characteristics and instrumentation in 1989 a third runway 650 00:19:18,350 --> 00:19:18,360 instrumentation in 1989 a third runway 651 00:19:18,360 --> 00:19:20,480 instrumentation in 1989 a third runway was added to Train astronauts for 652 00:19:20,480 --> 00:19:20,490 was added to Train astronauts for 653 00:19:20,490 --> 00:19:23,389 was added to Train astronauts for transatlantic abort landings this 654 00:19:23,389 --> 00:19:23,399 transatlantic abort landings this 655 00:19:23,399 --> 00:19:26,419 transatlantic abort landings this shorter and narrower runway is almost an 656 00:19:26,419 --> 00:19:26,429 shorter and narrower runway is almost an 657 00:19:26,429 --> 00:19:28,340 shorter and narrower runway is almost an exact duplicate in size and appearance 658 00:19:28,340 --> 00:19:28,350 exact duplicate in size and appearance 659 00:19:28,350 --> 00:19:35,710 exact duplicate in size and appearance to the one had been gurira marraco 660 00:19:35,710 --> 00:19:35,720 661 00:19:35,720 --> 00:19:37,759 located near the white sands test 662 00:19:37,759 --> 00:19:37,769 located near the white sands test 663 00:19:37,769 --> 00:19:39,950 located near the white sands test facility is another installation which 664 00:19:39,950 --> 00:19:39,960 facility is another installation which 665 00:19:39,960 --> 00:19:41,659 facility is another installation which provides an important service to the 666 00:19:41,659 --> 00:19:41,669 provides an important service to the 667 00:19:41,669 --> 00:19:44,450 provides an important service to the shuttle program the tracking and data 668 00:19:44,450 --> 00:19:44,460 shuttle program the tracking and data 669 00:19:44,460 --> 00:19:47,680 shuttle program the tracking and data relay satellite system ground terminals 670 00:19:47,680 --> 00:19:47,690 relay satellite system ground terminals 671 00:19:47,690 --> 00:19:50,419 relay satellite system ground terminals two terminals are located about four 672 00:19:50,419 --> 00:19:50,429 two terminals are located about four 673 00:19:50,429 --> 00:19:53,119 two terminals are located about four miles apart each is responsible for 674 00:19:53,119 --> 00:19:53,129 miles apart each is responsible for 675 00:19:53,129 --> 00:19:56,240 miles apart each is responsible for receiving voice television and data from 676 00:19:56,240 --> 00:19:56,250 receiving voice television and data from 677 00:19:56,250 --> 00:19:59,060 receiving voice television and data from orbiting shuttles both terminals are 678 00:19:59,060 --> 00:19:59,070 orbiting shuttles both terminals are 679 00:19:59,070 --> 00:20:00,710 orbiting shuttles both terminals are supervised by nasa's goddard space 680 00:20:00,710 --> 00:20:00,720 supervised by nasa's goddard space 681 00:20:00,720 --> 00:20:03,470 supervised by nasa's goddard space flight center and are not related to the 682 00:20:03,470 --> 00:20:03,480 flight center and are not related to the 683 00:20:03,480 --> 00:20:13,780 flight center and are not related to the white sands test facility 684 00:20:13,780 --> 00:20:13,790 685 00:20:13,790 --> 00:20:15,910 the outstanding track record at white 686 00:20:15,910 --> 00:20:15,920 the outstanding track record at white 687 00:20:15,920 --> 00:20:19,060 the outstanding track record at white sands centers around its people they are 688 00:20:19,060 --> 00:20:19,070 sands centers around its people they are 689 00:20:19,070 --> 00:20:21,520 sands centers around its people they are involved in all facets of the test from 690 00:20:21,520 --> 00:20:21,530 involved in all facets of the test from 691 00:20:21,530 --> 00:20:24,160 involved in all facets of the test from inception to completion these 692 00:20:24,160 --> 00:20:24,170 inception to completion these 693 00:20:24,170 --> 00:20:25,830 inception to completion these professionals have the resources 694 00:20:25,830 --> 00:20:25,840 professionals have the resources 695 00:20:25,840 --> 00:20:28,630 professionals have the resources training and experience necessary to 696 00:20:28,630 --> 00:20:28,640 training and experience necessary to 697 00:20:28,640 --> 00:20:30,790 training and experience necessary to provide state-of-the-art support for 698 00:20:30,790 --> 00:20:30,800 provide state-of-the-art support for 699 00:20:30,800 --> 00:20:33,910 provide state-of-the-art support for various test requirements the future 700 00:20:33,910 --> 00:20:33,920 various test requirements the future 701 00:20:33,920 --> 00:20:35,770 various test requirements the future holds many challenges for the white 702 00:20:35,770 --> 00:20:35,780 holds many challenges for the white 703 00:20:35,780 --> 00:20:40,510 holds many challenges for the white sands test facility at white sands years 704 00:20:40,510 --> 00:20:40,520 sands test facility at white sands years 705 00:20:40,520 --> 00:20:42,460 sands test facility at white sands years of experience combined with the physical 706 00:20:42,460 --> 00:20:42,470 of experience combined with the physical 707 00:20:42,470 --> 00:20:44,770 of experience combined with the physical assets of the facility will continue to 708 00:20:44,770 --> 00:20:44,780 assets of the facility will continue to 709 00:20:44,780 --> 00:20:46,900 assets of the facility will continue to provide the capability to safely 710 00:20:46,900 --> 00:20:46,910 provide the capability to safely 711 00:20:46,910 --> 00:20:49,240 provide the capability to safely evaluate potential hazards which may 712 00:20:49,240 --> 00:20:49,250 evaluate potential hazards which may 713 00:20:49,250 --> 00:20:53,950 evaluate potential hazards which may arise on earth and in space whether it 714 00:20:53,950 --> 00:20:53,960 arise on earth and in space whether it 715 00:20:53,960 --> 00:20:57,450 arise on earth and in space whether it involves firing rocket engines 716 00:20:57,450 --> 00:20:57,460 involves firing rocket engines 717 00:20:57,460 --> 00:21:01,750 involves firing rocket engines evaluating advanced materials studying 718 00:21:01,750 --> 00:21:01,760 evaluating advanced materials studying 719 00:21:01,760 --> 00:21:06,250 evaluating advanced materials studying explosions or testing new exotic 720 00:21:06,250 --> 00:21:06,260 explosions or testing new exotic 721 00:21:06,260 --> 00:21:11,080 explosions or testing new exotic propellants today's work at the white 722 00:21:11,080 --> 00:21:11,090 propellants today's work at the white 723 00:21:11,090 --> 00:21:13,600 propellants today's work at the white sands test facility will continue to 724 00:21:13,600 --> 00:21:13,610 sands test facility will continue to 725 00:21:13,610 --> 00:21:15,970 sands test facility will continue to minimize risks for tomorrow's space 726 00:21:15,970 --> 00:21:15,980 minimize risks for tomorrow's space 727 00:21:15,980 --> 00:21:18,280 minimize risks for tomorrow's space flights